Role of Certain Factors in Modulation of Inflammation in High Fat Fed Rats

High fat diet (HFD) administration lead to increased onset of obesity. Obesity increased mortality and morbidity in rats. AMP-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPK-α1), which supressed by nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)'s inflammatory pathway in HFD-induced obesity model, is a key central pathway in which specific targeting of AMPK-α1activation is of a great therapeutic potential in modulating inflammation and metabolic disturbance associated with obesity. In this study, we examined the effect of ginger ethanolic extract and omega-3 fatty acid in the treatment of obesity via phosphorylation and activation of AMPK-α1by acting on the positive regulators of AMPK-α1, Sirtuin 6 (SIRT-6) and negative regulators, including NF-κB, resistin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Whereas their inhibition exert protective effect against inflammation and metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity. In their groups either ginger ethanolic extract and omega-3 fatty acid significantly elevated the level of AMPK-α1, SIRT-6 and CPT-1with significant decrease in NF-κB, resistin and TNF-α thus lowering inflammation induced by obesity and. This is in turn affecting metabolic pathway by significantly improving the elevated plasma level of glucose, triglycerides (TAG), non-estrified fatty acid and total cholesterol (TC) with an overall reduction in visceral white adipose tissue and final body weights. In the conclusion ginger extract and omega-3 fatty acid modulated inflammation associated with obesity and provide an improving effect on metabolic pattern.