Phytochemical and biological studies of Ficus platypoda (Miq.) A. Cunn. and Ficus lyrata Warb., family Moraceae, cultivated in Egypt

Research Abstract

• The two species of Ficus platypoda (Miq.) A. Cunn and Ficus lyrata Warb. were subjected to RAPD assay of the genomic DNA; this was performed using eleven different primers. The number of RAPD-PCR fragments indicates that the eleven primers were reproduced. The low percentage of similarity coefficients indicates that the two species are not closely related . • Proximate analysis, TLC profiling and quantitative analysis of the phenolic contents of the leaves of both species showed variation in their composition which could be used for their differentiation. • Ten compounds have been isolated from the leaves of both species. Their structures were elucidated via physico-chemical characterization and spectroscopic analysis. These include; one phenolic acid (isolated for the first time from nature), three flavonol glycosides, one flavonol aglycone, two triterpenoids, two sterols and one sterol glucosides. • The 80 % ethanol extracts of the leaves of both species could be considered as safe based on acute toxicity study. • Biological screening revealed that the 80 % ethanol extract of the leaves of Ficus platypoda (Miq.) A. Cunn. and Ficus lyrata Warb. showed pronounced antihyperglycemic and a moderate antioxidant activities which recommends its incorporation in suitable dosage forms after further biological studies. • The previous findings recommend the intensive propagation of these indigenous plants especially Ficus platypoda (Miq.) A. Cunn. for probable implementation in the pharmaceutical industry. • However, this achievement will not be possible unless the different extractives and/or pure isolates are subjected to thorough laboratory biological investigation, and sub-clinical and clinical studies.

Research Keywords

Phytochemical and biological studies of Ficus platypoda (Miq.) A. Cunn. and Ficus lyrata Warb., family Moraceae, cultivated in Egypt